Appearance | What to Look For |
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Oil and/or Fuels
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Grease
· Color: Yellow, Golden, Brown
· Odor: Stale greasy smell, petroleum, cooking grease
· Turbidity and Floatables: Material typically clumps/strings together, will most likely have other material floating within
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Sediment
· Color: Orange, Yellow, Red, chocolate milk
· Odor: None
· Turbidity and Floatables: Typically find deposits settled to bottom, water can be very turbid, may not be able to see bottom of stream
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Sewage
· Color: Grey
· Odor: Strong sewage smell, Sulfur, Fecal matter
· Turbidity and Floatables: Foam, Bubbles, fecal solids, food wastes, toilet paper, etc.
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Soaps and Detergents
· Color: Milky White, Grey, Cloudy
· Odor: Fragrance like laundry detergent/soaps, or none at all
· Turbidity and Floatables: Bubbles, foam, highly turbid
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Cement, Construction runoff · Color: Grey, cloudy, milky, muddy
· Odor: None
· Turbidity and Floatables: Unlike soaps and detergents, runoff from these activities should be void of floatables such as bubbles and foam, high turbidity and sediment should be present.
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Dyes
· Color: Bright Green, blue, pink, etc.
· Odor: None
· Turbidity and Floatables: Bright Color, used in testing of sewer and stormsewer system, should look very unnatural
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Other Wastewater
· Color: Blue, White
· Odor: Sewage, Chemical Smell
· Turbidity and Floatables: Foam or bubbles, un-natural particles
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Natural occurrence | Appearance |
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Algae
· Color: Green, brown
· Texture: Fibrous, slimy, hairy
· Odor: Musty, biological smell.
· Turbidity and Floatables:
· Typical Timeframe of Occurrence: Late spring into early fall, often found in low flow areas
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Bacteria
· Color: Red, Rust color · Texture: Clumpy, thick layer on surface of water
· Odor: None
· Turbidity and Floatables: Rainbow Sheen, clumpy red deposits, when disturbed rainbow sheen “shatters” instead of swirling like oil deposits
· Typical Timeframe of Occurrence: Early summer through early fall
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Tannins
· Color: brownish red, tea color
· Odor: none
· Turbidity and Floatables: leafy matter
· Typical Timeframe of Occurrence: Fall
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Pollen
· Color: Yellow
· Odor: none
· Turbidity and Floatables: dust/film
· Typical Timeframe of Occurrence: Late winter through spring into early summer, typically seen on stagnant water
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